CPIM Practice Exam 2025 – 400 Free Practice Questions to Pass the Exam

The theory of constraints (TOC) primarily focuses on optimizing the flow through a system by managing constraints. TOC identifies the single most critical limiting factor (the constraint) that hinders a system from achieving higher performance relative to its goal, such as maximizing throughput or minimizing lead time. By concentrating on this primary constraint, TOC provides a framework for decision-making and continuous improvement.

The essence of TOC lies in the fact that every system has at least one constraint. By improving the performance of the constraint, organizations can significantly enhance overall system performance. TOC utilizes the five focusing steps: identifying the constraint, exploiting it, subordinating other processes to it, elevating the constraint, and preventing inertia from becoming a new constraint. This approach strengthens the flow of work and enhances productivity across the entire system.

In contrast, minimizing inventory costs, eliminating waste in production, and maximizing the output of every resource do not encapsulate the primary goal of TOC. While these aspects can be important in the broader fields of operations and supply chain management, they are not the central theme of the TOC methodology, which is specifically centered around the management of constraints to optimize flow and achieve better overall performance.